ASPECTS OF KENO MODELLING

Main Article Content

Stephen J Sugden

Abstract

In two earlier papers, an intricate Jackpot structure and analysis of pseudo-random numbers for Keno in the Australian state of Queensland circa 2000 were described. Aspects of the work were also reported at an international conference . Since that time, many aspects of the game in Australia have changed. The present paper presents more up-to-date details of Keno throughout the states of Queensland, New South Wales and Victoria. A much simpler jackpot structure is now in place and this is described. Two add-ons or side-bets to the game are detailed: the trivial Heads or Tails and the more interesting Keno Bonus, which leads to consideration of the subset sum problem. The most intricate structure is where Heads or Tails and Keno Bonus are combined, and here, the issue of independence arises. Closed expressions for expected return to player (ERTP) are presented in all cases.

Article Details

Section
Articles

References

Chabi, J. (2005). Private Communication: Customer Requirements Specification, Keno BONUS. Supplied to the author, March 2006, and dated 2nd November 2005.

McCullough, B. D. and Wilson, B. (2002). On the accuracy of statistical procedures in Microsoft Excel 2000 and Excel XP. Computational Statistics & Data Analysis. 40(4) (Oct. 2002), 713-721. DOI= http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0167-9473(02)00095-6.

Noble C, Sugden, S.J. (2002). Stochastic Recurrences of Jackpot KENO. Computational Statistics & Data Analysis. 40(1): 189-205.

Noble C, Sugden S.J. (2004). Randomness Tests for Large Samples of Keno Numbers. ANZIAM J. 45(E): C50-C65.

Sugden, S.J. (1998). Stochastic Recurrences of Jackpot Keno, ICDEA'98, The Fourth International Conference on Difference Equations, Poznan, Poland, August 27-31, 1998.

Torkington, C. (2006). Private Communication: Multiplier Calculations vA3.0, Excel spreadsheet. Supplied to the author, Nov 2006, and dated 10 April 2006.

The Subset Sum Problem. http://mathworld.wolfram.com/SubsetSumProblem.html, accessed 21st October 2009.

http://www.keno.jupiters.com.au/, accessed 21st October 2009.

http://www.tabcorp.com.au/, accessed 21st October 2009.

http://www.keno.com.au/, accessed 21st October 2009.