APPLICATIONS OF AN SPRT-LIKE TEST IN PARI-MUTUEL WAGERING

Main Article Content

Lisa Porth
Earl Rosenbloom

Abstract

Pari-mutuel wagering functions as a very simple financial market, and has therefore been important in studying market efficiency.  In this study, an SPRT-like test reveals that probabilities from the win pool corrected for the favourite longshot bias using Asch and Quandt’s regression equation can be used to exploit the exacta pool, and probabilities obtained from the exacta pool can be used to exploit the win pool.  These finding differ from previously published studies that maintain that the win pool is largely efficient.  Further, these findings mirror statistical arbitrage strategies utilized by hedge funds, where pricing inefficiencies are exploited between related assets.

Article Details

Section
Articles

References

Ali, M. 1979. “Some Evidence on the Efficiency of a Speculative Market”, Econometrica, Vol. 47,387–92.

Asch, P. and R. Quandt. 1987. “Efficiency and Profitability in Exotic Bets,” Economica,New Series, Vol. 54, No. 215, 289-298.

Asch, P. and R. Quandt. 1990. “Risk Love,” The Journal of Economic Education Vol. 21, No. 4, 422-426.

Asch, P., B. Malkiel, and R. Quandt. 1984. “Market Efficiency in Racetrack Betting,” The Journal of Business, Vol. 57, No. 2, 165-175.

Dolbear, F. 1993. “Is Racetrack Betting on Exactas Efficient?” Economica, New Series, Vol. 60, No. 237, 105-111.

Gramm, M., and D. Owens. 2006. “Efficiency in Pari-Mutuel Betting Markets across Wagering Pools in the Simulcast Era,” Southern Economic Journal, Vol. 72, No.4, 926-937.

Harville, D. 1973. “Assigning Probabilities to the Outcomes of Multi-Entry Competitions,” Journal of the American Statistical Association, Vol. 68, No. 342, 312-316.

Hausch, D., W. Ziemba, and M. Rubinstein. 1981. ‘Efficiency of the Market for Racetrack Betting”, Management Science, Vol. 27, No. 12 1435–52.

Hausch, D., and W. Ziemba. 1985. “Transactions Costs, Extent of Inefficiencies, Entries and Multiple Wagers in a Racetrack Betting Model”, Management Science, Vol .31, No. 4, 381-394.

Hausch, D., and W. Ziemba. 1986. “Betting at the Racetrack,” Norris M. Strass, New York.

Hausch, D.B., Lo, V. and W.T. Ziemba. 1994. “The Efficiency of Racetrack Betting Markets”, Academic Press.

Henery, R. 1981. “Permutation Probabilities as Models for Horse Races”, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B (Methodological), Vol. 43, No. 1, 86-91.

Lo, V., and J. Bacon-Shone. 1994. “A Comparison Between Two Models for Predicting Ordering Probabilities in Multiple-Entry Competitions,” The Statistician, Vo. 43, No. 2, 317-327.

Rosenbloom, E. 2000. “Selecting the Best of k Multinomial Parameter Estimation Procedures using SPRT,” Sequential Analysis, 19, No. 4, 177-192.

Rosenbloom, E. 2003. “A Better Probability Model for the Racetrack using Beyer Speed Numbers,” OMEGA Vol. 31, No. 5, 339-348.

Sauer, R. 1998. "The Economics of Wagering Markets." Journal of Economic Literature, Vol 36, 2021-2064.

Snyder, W. 1978. “Horse Racing: Testing the Efficient Markets Model”, Journal of Finance, Vol. 3, No. 4, 1109-1118.

Teichroew, D. 1956. “Tables of Expected Values of Order Statistics and Products of Order Statistics for Samples of Size Twenty and Less from the Normal Distribution,” The Annals of Mathematical Statistics, Vol. 27, No.2, 410-426.

Wald, A. 1947. “Sequential Analysis”, New York: Wiley.

Vaughan Williams, L. 1999. “Information Efficiency in Betting Markets: a Survey,” Bulletin of Economic Research, Vol. 51, No. 1, 1-39.